Good overall management of the diabetes and monitoring of the condition of the backs of the eyes are key elements in the treatment of retinopathy. They are also necessary, along with other forms of treatment, for successful treatment outcomes.
Good blood sugar, blood pressure and dyslipidaemia management reduce the risk of retinopathy occurring, changes progressing, and the need for other treatment of the back of the eye.
Treatment becomes necessary for diabetic retinopathy if macular oedema, proliferative retinopathy or severe background retinopathy is confirmed, as these pose a threat to vision. With timely treatment, the serious harm to vision caused by retinopathy can most often be avoided.
The forms of treatment used are laser treatment, injections of medication into the eye, and surgery. The form of treatment best suited to each situation is selected based on the overall situation, such as how well managed the diabetes is, the severity of the retinopathy, any macular oedema, and contraindications and complication risks associated with the treatment.