Feet self-care in diabetes

Check the tops of your feet, the soles, and between your toes. Observe the condition, colour, and temperature of the skin. Pay special attention to skin breaks and nail problems. You can use a mirror to help examine your feet. Check the insides of your shoes by hand. There should be no sharp seams felt in the shoes, and the insoles should be intact.

Daily foot checks are especially important for those who have been found to have reduced sensation.

Water washing is often sufficient. The water should be body temperature. Always dry between the toes thoroughly with a soft towel after washing to prevent the spaces between the toes from cracking.

Do not moisturise between the toes to prevent them from becoming macerated. Regular moisturising prevents the skin from drying out and in turn, the formation of calluses and cracks. Do not remove callus formations yourself with sandpaper or a sharp instrument.

The nail is of an appropriate length when the tip of the nail can be felt by pressing on the end of the toe. Sharp edges of the nail can be gently filed with a nail file.

Walking barefoot should be avoided both indoors and outdoors. Walking barefoot exposes the skin to damage. If nerve changes have been detected in the feet, indoor footwear is recommended.

Foot exercises support the functions of the muscles and joints in the foot and toes. With the right exercises, you can prevent and correct lower limb deformities. Exercise programs are always tailored to the individual. Simple movements, such as extending and flexing the ankle, reduce swelling and are suitable for almost everyone.