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Safe use of radiation in examinations

The use of radiation must comply with certain fundamental principles to be considered acceptable. The use of radiation in imaging is also subject to oversight.

Physicists performing a CT scanner quality assurance test

Physicians and professionals performing radiological examinations follow the principles of radiation protection: 

  • Every examination involving ionising radiation is carefully considered to ensure that the expected benefit outweighs the potential harm. 

  • When planning an examination, alternative imaging methods that do not involve radiation (such as ultrasound or MRI) are also considered. 

  • The examination is carried out using the lowest possible radiation dose that still provides sufficient diagnostic information. 

In addition, unnecessary repeated examinations, such as fracture follow-up checks, are avoided. 

In imaging units, radiation use is monitored by a designated radiation safety organisation and various experts. The Finnish Radiation and Nuclear Safety Authority (STUK) is responsible for nationwide oversight.  

Watch the video: The ABC of Radiation Safety – Ensuring Safety in Radiological Examinations. The video is produced by OYS and includes subtitles in Finnish and Swedish.  

Important

The Radiation and Nuclear Safety Authority (STUK) issued a new recommendation 1/2024 regarding the use of radiation shields in X-ray examinations. The recommendation is based on studies conducted in Europe. According to the recommendation, radiation shields are no longer required for patient imaging. The technology and methods of X-ray equipment have advanced, and high-quality diagnostic images can now be obtained with lower radiation doses. The use of radiation shields provides no benefit. Staff and any accompanying support person or holder involved in the examination will continue to be protected as before.

Updated 5.11.2025